Sunday, July 18, 2021

Evolutionary pattern of COVID-19 virus

 

The novel coronavirus, 2019-nCov (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the RNA virus family.  The RNA virus has the capability of frequent rates of mutation and replication. Over the last two-three decades it has become progressively mutated many RNA viruses which favor the capacity to exchange genetic material with one another, and to acquire genes from their hosts, to this evolutionary repertoire. Nucleotide substitution has been identified as a molecular mechanism for the evolution of novel RNA viruses in nature.

Bats are the natural host and evolutionary reservoir of coronaviruses. Researchers suggested that coronaviruses in humans are derived from the bat host. The recent whole-genome sequence identity of the novel coronavirus has 96.2% similarity to bat SARS-related coronavirus. It has also been confirmed that the SARS-CoV-2 uses the same receptor, as SARS-CoV to bind the host cell. Based on the findings of genomic investigations and the presence of some bats and live animals in the seafood market in Wuhan, SARS-CoV-2 may have originated from bats or bat droppings associated with contaminated materials in the market or the surrounding region. However the specific route of transmission from natural reservoirs to humans remains unknown.

Recently, the most infected case of 2019-2020 of COVID-19 Virus has single nucleotide mutation of the ORFs region, a protein that is responsible for the Bat to Human transition. Scientific studies suggest that COVID-19 Virus has variable new mutations observed from country to country which results in resistance of the antiviral drugs. Because of this scientific communities are facing serious challenges regarding the development of drugs and vaccines against new strains of viruses. The same limitations also apply to other deadly RNA viruses such as SARS or MERS which had been previously outbreak.

COVID-19 virus highly contagious which is easily transmitted human to human via respiratory droplets or direct contact and becoming pandemic all over the world. To decrease the damage associated with COVID-19, Nepalese public health authorities urgently needed to increase Infrastructure of the high tech molecular based-laboratory for monitoring of the viral outbreaks and infection control strategies to the limit the national spread of the virus.

Although the Public needs to strictly follow the WHO guidelines such as avoid close contact, wash hands frequently, avoid touch with eyes, nose, mouth and practice respiratory hygiene to protect ourselves and others. Lastly, the Government of Nepal should be maximizing the fund for investigating science and technology. So biomedical researchers will be preparing and ready for the next level of threats and boost public health in the future.

Author: Pradip Kumar Chaudhary: Freelance Biotechnology Researcher

10 comments:

  1. definitely , we need to be aware of such a pandemic disease. sanitization, use of soap water for washing hands, mass avoidance are the key safety measures.

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  2. It is a good write up on evolutionary pattern of covid-19 pattern. You have included many information.

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  3. It is very good information about covid-19. What is effect of covid-19 in education,

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    1. In perspective of Nepal, our education system mostly based on physical classes. so, we obviously faced lockdown effect on education regarding covid-19. In addition, we also don't have much facilitated 4G network for everywhere to establishing e-learning platform. After covid-19 occurrence in Nepal. our education system will going backward and that the huge problems or loses to our nation and community.

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  4. You can add effect of covid - 19 in education .

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    1. please check the my above replies of Sundari comment.

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  5. how do you think teaching learning to be made effective on one side covid 19 and on next hand future of nation ie children? two batches are already upgraded without completion of course made by CDC.

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    1. First, i think our nation are not much aware of such pandemic or other disasters..i think the quality two upgraded batch did not match our expectation..however after facing such situation, national priority of heath and education will be much more upgraded i.e. use of advance techniques. In present or coming batch, use of ICT based tool for teaching may meet our expectation and will benefitted during harsh situations.

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  6. Yes covid 19 Pandemic is one of more dangerous desease for today it also hampers in education because however urban school are running class through online method but lots of rural areas school couldn't run their classes which affect to students study

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    1. Ofcourse, due to lack of poor network of telicommunication will affect the education in rural areas. However, i heard rural some school like subhadra madan foundation school open every season even first and second wave of pandemic.

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