Digitalization of Contents

Digitization is the process of transforming data and information into electronic format. The contents of documents are digitally added to the website through a specific digital format. There are a lot of texts, cartoons and figures are sequentially organized of certain title in the digital platform. In recent trends, the digital contents are very essential regarding different professional sectors like industries, Bank, Hospital, universities, etc. for conserving, sharing, and accessible all the information across the globe.  

The forms of digital content may be digitally broadcast video or audio files, photographs, updated weather forecasts, Gps maps, ebooks, and computer-aided format files such as Pdf, docs, etc. For example, the websites such as https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov were developed to preserved and easily accessible high-impact biomedical research articles, DNA, RNA data, and other necessary medical data. The revolutionary new era of globalization is greatly emphasized on the digitization of various subject matter contents. When we talk about the new era, first of all, we must to mentioned Artificial intelligence (AI). AI is based on the rigorously simulated digitization of various physical data by computer-based applications to mimic human-like actions. However, with the digitalization of content, we also face several challenges like human resources, complexity, funding, piracy, and web-based threats, etc.

Advantages of Digitation of Contents

·        Upscale the  productivity

·        Cost-effective

·        Easily accessible

·        Updated security

Disadvantages

·        Chance of piracy

·        Privacy concerns

·        Complexity

·        Data duplication

Ubiquitous learning

Ubiquitous learning is the platform where people learn from everywhere by using mobile or computer or wireless networks. The objective of this technique is to play the learners of course content anywhere. This learning process is based on actual life experience and virtual information which is being used by learners and learners surrounding. 

This technique is a novel educational tool that is possibly used to access digital media. The content of subject matter, project, and linking with system and people. Chiu et. al. (2008) suggested that the learning environment in ubiquitous computing technologies utilizing context-aware and encourage the motive and performance of learners. he pointed out some major characteristics of u-learning as follows: the urgency of learning need, an initiative of knowledge acquisition, interactivity of learning process, situation of instructional activity, context-awareness, actively provides personalized services, self-regulated learning, seamless learning, adapt the subject contents, and learning community.

The U-learning technique is the conversion of the old education system to an e-learning platform.  This technique is used to upscale the user understanding level at an extreme level from anywhere in the world. Furthermore, this technique reveals researchers to understand the concept of u-learning and help to design the plan and its applications.

Evolutionary pattern of COVID-19 virus

 

The novel coronavirus, 2019-nCov (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the RNA virus family.  The RNA virus has the capability of frequent rates of mutation and replication. Over the last two-three decades it has become progressively mutated many RNA viruses which favor the capacity to exchange genetic material with one another, and to acquire genes from their hosts, to this evolutionary repertoire. Nucleotide substitution has been identified as a molecular mechanism for the evolution of novel RNA viruses in nature.

Bats are the natural host and evolutionary reservoir of coronaviruses. Researchers suggested that coronaviruses in humans are derived from the bat host. The recent whole-genome sequence identity of the novel coronavirus has 96.2% similarity to bat SARS-related coronavirus. It has also been confirmed that the SARS-CoV-2 uses the same receptor, as SARS-CoV to bind the host cell. Based on the findings of genomic investigations and the presence of some bats and live animals in the seafood market in Wuhan, SARS-CoV-2 may have originated from bats or bat droppings associated with contaminated materials in the market or the surrounding region. However the specific route of transmission from natural reservoirs to humans remains unknown.

Recently, the most infected case of 2019-2020 of COVID-19 Virus has single nucleotide mutation of the ORFs region, a protein that is responsible for the Bat to Human transition. Scientific studies suggest that COVID-19 Virus has variable new mutations observed from country to country which results in resistance of the antiviral drugs. Because of this scientific communities are facing serious challenges regarding the development of drugs and vaccines against new strains of viruses. The same limitations also apply to other deadly RNA viruses such as SARS or MERS which had been previously outbreak.

COVID-19 virus highly contagious which is easily transmitted human to human via respiratory droplets or direct contact and becoming pandemic all over the world. To decrease the damage associated with COVID-19, Nepalese public health authorities urgently needed to increase Infrastructure of the high tech molecular based-laboratory for monitoring of the viral outbreaks and infection control strategies to the limit the national spread of the virus.

Although the Public needs to strictly follow the WHO guidelines such as avoid close contact, wash hands frequently, avoid touch with eyes, nose, mouth and practice respiratory hygiene to protect ourselves and others. Lastly, the Government of Nepal should be maximizing the fund for investigating science and technology. So biomedical researchers will be preparing and ready for the next level of threats and boost public health in the future.

Author: Pradip Kumar Chaudhary: Freelance Biotechnology Researcher